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Wednesday, November 21, 2007

Southern Dallas neighborhoods lack access to healthy foods

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Click to enlarge and see where the grocery stores aren't.

Williams Institute

Click to enlarge and see where the grocery stores aren't.

From its inception, Thanksgiving has celebrated the life-sustaining properties of fresh, nutritious food. But today, almost four centuries later, as many as 400,000 residents of southern Dallas must travel far beyond their neighborhoods’ boundaries to find a wide selection of fresh meats, vegetables and fruit. Especially for those who rely on public transportation, the lack of accessible grocery stores makes it difficult to maintain a healthy lifestyle.

A report by the J. McDonald Williams Institute's Center for Urban Economics at the University of Texas at Dallas shows that for many neighborhoods in Southern Dallas the nearest full-service grocery store is at least a mile away. For some, this distance may be as much as five miles. When you’ve got a car, that’s a 10-minute trip; when you don’t, that can be a two-hour ordeal. The full report is attached and is also available online here.

The Center examined the locations of major chain grocers in Dallas County. In the world of food security and access to healthy choices, major chains play a big role. Their chain buying power generally allows them to offer fresh foods at lower prices than smaller stores. Their stores’ larger physical size usually means a wider variety of choices to the consumer, especially when compared to the convenience stores that are prevalent in low-income neighborhoods. In addition, many of the foods sold by convenience stores contain high concentrations of unhealthy fats, carbohydrates, and additives, which contribute to obesity, diabetes and heart disease.

Unfortunately, the people who must either travel afar to buy fresh food or bear the health consequences of eating unhealthy alternatives are those with the fewest resources to do so. The report shows that, compared to neighborhoods with three grocery stores within one mile, neighborhoods with no grocery store have half the white residents, twice the black residents, roughly the same number of Hispanic residents, $20,000 less in median annual income, and twice the number of people who receive aid from the Texas Department of Health and Human Services.

“One of the most unfortunate aspects of this phenomenon is that grocers and other retailers can often make good money in these underserved neighborhoods, but they don’t realize it,” said Dr. James Murdoch, one of the report’s authors. “A growing body of economic research shows that low-income neighborhoods can generate much stronger sales activity than the economic models used by retailers such as chain groceries often predict.”

Sometimes, lack of familiarity with low-income neighborhoods prevents store owners from even assessing the business opportunities there, said Dr. Nathan Berg, who co-authored the study with Dr. Murdoch. “In interviewing a number of top executives, I found that most of them consider only a few locations for new stores, and that these locations are nearly always discovered more or less by accident – while the executive is running errands or driving through town on other business,” he said. “Unfortunately, that means that neighborhoods that are ignored today may be ignored for a long time.”

Researchers at the Center for Urban Economics are currently studying various policy options that officials in Dallas and other cities can use to steer major chain grocers to underserved areas. Further reports will be forthcoming.

“Our mission at the Williams Institute is not only to do quality research on the problems that affect low income, urban communities, but to help policy makers do a more effective job of finding remedies,” said Dr. Timothy Bray, director of the Institute. “In the end, only one thing counts: changing lives.”

Source: UT Dallas and J. McDonald Williams Institute


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Comments

Clay213 Anonymous

Why is a major chain store who's profit margin is likely around 1% going to risk moving into a neighborhood where that 1% is likely to be eaten away by theft?

As far as the 'two hour ordeal' going to the grocery store-- the nearest supermarket to me is about 3 miles away-- and I rarely take my car. I ride my bike. It takes 10 minutes each way. And it's free.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

Michael Davis Verified

^ Some people just don't get it... but hey that's your opinion. I live what Dr. Berg is talking about.

Fear of crime is just an excuse. It's a perception question and the fact that we must bring the executives to southern Dallas to make change happen.

The companies that have supermarkets in southern Dallas know they do a ton of business.

And as far as your theory about which grocery stores have crime, a couple of facts:

*The Kroger next to Mockingbird station has 94 crimes listed year-to-date (Jan 1-Nov 21st).

*The Minyards in South Dallas next to Fair Park: 52 crimes year-to-date.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

Rawlins Gilliland Verified

Regarding areas of Dallas where so-called 'minorities' live, (like mine and Davis') perception passes for fact with those unfamiliar with alternative realities. Meaning anything outside midstream white America.

But ignorance is not bliss when it brands an area as being 'high crime' and 'dangerous' and thus unprofitable from the start simply because the faces are not white. Many times it's just dumb and dumber.

FACT: I lived in my neighborhood for two decades before Fiesta brought a breath of fresh food air two blocks away. Prior to that I drove several miles to a 'better' part of town where that Tom Thumb ultimately closed because of criminal elements. Meanwhile my home owners association fought tooth and nail to prevent Fiesta from building because of 'traffic' issues but I knew it was racial...unpure and simple. That Fiesta store has been a gold mine and a huge adjacent building wave followed; small businesses all making money, honey.

Michael Davis' factoids tell the tale; my area has a lower crime rate by FAR than Uptown. But they see a black face and a brown family, and the rest becomes pulp fiction.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

Scott Miller Verified

I realize the part of Oak Cliff I live in is not technically "South Dallas" but it is within the southern sector of the city. A friend from the suburbs of Denver who recently visited us was amazed at the wide variety and outstanding quality of (non-corporate chain) food we pretty much take for granted every day. And yes- as for groceries, if the Fiesta on Hampton a couple miles south of here doesn't have it, you can find it for a slightly higher price at the newly remodeled Tom Thumb just down the road.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

Nathan Anonymous

I am confused by Michael Davis' posts. Sometimes I hear about how neighborhoods are held hostage by crime, sagging pants and buildings that need to be knocked over. Then I hear that it's all a matter of perception and the crime is really no big deal.

There is some great development going on a Westmoreland and Illinois. Wynnewood is also getting some new retailers. This proves that Southern Dallas is capable of supporting new development. Perhaps if the Souther Dallas council members were as interested in getting new development as they are about getting a toll road built in a floodway, then we would see more development.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

JW Richard Verified

Scott, sounds like we live in the same neighborhood, and I will say that both Minyards and Tom Thumb are offering more variety, the latter even offering organic brands.

Now, let's get to the real deal. Who's gonna pass up a KFC $1.99 dinner to choose so-called healthy alternative at the grocery store? I'm not talking residents like us commenting here on this newsblog that are (like me) choosing to come into the southern Dallas neighborhoods while the prices are lower. I'm talking about the parents and grandparents who've been here. Food is a cultural experience and if you're not accustomed to eating certain foods, then they won't get eaten no matter how good it is supposed to be for us.

We have two to four fast-food places on every corner and TV commercials talking about, "I know what good is!", and even a blind man knows they ain't talkin' about organic pasta. This just makes fast-food the cheapest bet and when money's tight and transportation isn't available when or where you want it, that can make the difference between eating or not.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

Clay213 Anonymous

Nathan: It all depends on who you're trying to guilt trip!

When a supermarket chain finally decides to open, the next step of course, is to complain about the 'gentrification of our neighborhood driving out diversity.'

But hey what do I know.. I just don't get it.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

Michael Davis Verified

Let's clear something up:

I addressed the fact that that flawed statement about "grocery store crime" written by a couple of people of this blog does not bear out in the stats. A couple of people on here got called on a statement that is not proven by the numbers. Again, I talked about grocery store crime and not overall neighborhood crime. Don't make off the cuff statements without knowing the facts. Moving on...

I don't have to guilt trip anyone. We decided to talk to the store executives as City officials and get it done ourselves. As a result, in the District I represent on the City Plan Commission (District Four) we will soon be announcing a neighborhood grocery that is investing millions to open a new storefront. Why? They've done the research and know they'll make a ton of profit. You'll hear about it in the next 1-2 months.

Other stores are also being actively recruited.

JW makes some interesting comments. But JW, those type of varied food choices (pre-cooked vs. fast food) must be offered to attract more income-diverse group of residents. What often happens is that the people that would like likely stay in southern Dallas often move to be near those types of choices. A lot of the people that can't afford to move also want grocery/food choice. We must bring the services to retain those residents and grow the income base. Less fast food, and more like Ann's Supermarket (on Zang) that sells health food in the hood and does a good amount of business.

9 months, 1 week ago ( Link to this comment | Suggest removal )

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